AI Bubble Fueled by Zero Interest Rates

Apollo Chief Economist

When the Fed started raising interest rates in March 2022, the Magnificent 7 stopped hiring more workers, see chart below.

Why is the tech sector so vulnerable to higher interest rates? First, tech firms are priced to deliver cash flows far out in the future, which makes tech companies more vulnerable to changes in the discount rate. Second, tech firms often need to borrow to finance multi-year projects, which also makes them more vulnerable to higher interest rates. Third, when interest rates are high, general risk appetite among investors is low, as investors can generate higher returns in fixed income.

The bottom line is that the bubble in AI valuations was simply the result of a long period with zero interest rates.

With upward pressures on inflation coming from tariffs, deglobalization, and demographics, interest rates will remain high and continue to be a headwind to tech and growth for the coming years.

Growth in total employment in Apple, Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, Nvidia, Meta, and Tesla
Sources: Bloomberg, Apollo Chief Economist

Download high-res chart


This presentation may not be distributed, transmitted or otherwise communicated to others in whole or in part without the express consent of Apollo Global Management, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, “Apollo”).  

Apollo makes no representation or warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy, reasonableness, or completeness of any of the statements made during this presentation, including, but not limited to, statements obtained from third parties. Opinions, estimates and projections constitute the current judgment of the speaker as of the date indicated. They do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of Apollo and are subject to change at any time without notice. Apollo does not have any responsibility to update this presentation to account for such changes. There can be no assurance that any trends discussed during this presentation will continue.   

Statements made throughout this presentation are not intended to provide, and should not be relied upon for, accounting, legal or tax advice and do not constitute an investment recommendation or investment advice. Investors should make an independent investigation of the information discussed during this presentation, including consulting their tax, legal, accounting or other advisors about such information. Apollo does not act for you and is not responsible for providing you with the protections afforded to its clients. This presentation does not constitute an offer to sell, or the solicitation of an offer to buy, any security, product or service, including interest in any investment product or fund or account managed or advised by Apollo. 

Certain statements made throughout this presentation may be “forward-looking” in nature. Due to various risks and uncertainties, actual events or results may differ materially from those reflected or contemplated in such forward-looking information. As such, undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of terminology including, but not limited to, “may”, “will”, “should”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “target”, “project”, “estimate”, “intend”, “continue” or “believe” or the negatives thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology.