The Daily Spark

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  • Where Are The Missing Workers?

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The pandemic has had a permanent negative effect on labor supply, and this is a crucial reason why there are worker shortages and, therefore, why wage pressures are so intense, see charts below. There is little the Fed can do about this other than continue to destroy demand.

    Chart showing the negative impact of the Covid pandemic on the labor supply
    Source: BLA, Haver, Apollo Chief Economist

    See important disclaimers at the bottom of the page.


  • Total US employment is now back at pre-pandemic levels, but the jobs recovery has been very uneven across sectors, with total employment significantly below February 2020 levels in clothing stores, furniture stores, and electronics stores, see tables below. This is in contrast to the jobs recovery in warehouses, couriers, and air transportation, where employment levels today are substantially above pre-pandemic levels.

    tracking the employment recovery in different sectors
    Source: BLS, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • German Competitiveness Deteriorating

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    One way to measure a country’s competitiveness is to look at how much wages are rising adjusted for productivity gains, and the chart below shows that since the financial crisis wages have increased much faster than productivity in Germany. The bottom line is that Germany is becoming less competitive relative to the rest of Europe.

    Chart showing German wages have risen faster than productivity
    Source: OECD, Apollo Chief Economist

    See important disclaimers at the bottom of the page.


  • 153mn People Have a Job in the US

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The 22 million jobs lost during the pandemic have now been recovered, see chart below. Total US employment at 153 million jobs is now back at the level seen before the pandemic in February 2020.

    Total employment at February 2020 levels
    Source: BLS, Apollo Chief Economist

    See important disclaimers at the bottom of the page.


  • Weekend Reading

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    IMF: Natural Gas in Europe: The Potential Impact of Disruptions to Supply

    https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/WP/2022/English/wpiea2022145-print-pdf.ashx

    IMF: The Economic Impacts on Germany of a Potential Russian Gas Shutoff

    https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/WP/2022/English/wpiea2022144-print-pdf.ashx

    IMF: Market Size and Supply Disruptions: Sharing the Pain of a Potential Russian Gas Shut-off to the European Union

    https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/WP/2022/English/wpiea2022143-print-pdf.ashx

    See important disclaimers at the bottom of the page.


  • Slowdown Watch

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The employment report for July shows that the US economy is still not showing any signs of slowing down. With financial conditions easing, the Fed will have to continue to raise rates aggressively to cool down the economy, see chart below. Our set of daily and weekly indicators for the US economy is available here.

    Easing financial conditions are a problem for the Fed
    Source: Bloomberg, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • With the spread between IG and HY narrowing over the past six weeks, the market seems to believe that the probability of a recession is declining.

    This is inconsistent with the sharp decline in long rates over the same period, suggesting that the Treasury market is getting more worried about a coming slowdown in GDP growth and earnings.

    Maybe the reason is that equity and credit markets focus on the past earnings season and the next earnings season, but Treasury markets have a longer horizon. Equity and credit markets are saying that in the near term, everything is fine, but Treasury markets are saying that a recession next year is likely. But both cannot be right at the same time: Either we will have a recession, and credit spreads should be wider. Or we will not have a recession, and rates should be trading higher.

    Our latest credit market outlook chart book is available here.

    See important disclaimers at the bottom of the page.


  • The market cap of the German stock market as a share of global stock markets is near record lows, driven by equity market underperformance and the rising dollar, see chart below. For comparison, Germany’s GDP is currently at 3% of global GDP.

    Germany stock market cap as a share of global stock market cap
    Source: Bloomberg, Apollo Chief Economist

    See important disclaimers at the bottom of the page.


  • HY Bonds > 10%

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    There are around 2000 bonds in the HY index and roughly 16% currently trade at a yield higher than 10%, see chart below.

    Chart showing that 16% of high yield bonds have yields greater than 10%
    Source: Bloomberg, Apollo Chief Economist. Note: HY bond universe is H0A0 Index.

    See important disclaimers at the bottom of the page.


  • Corporate Bond Market Distress

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The New York Fed measure of corporate bond market distress is starting to flash red for IG, see chart below. Specifically, the New York Fed corporate bond market distress index is calculated using FISD data on issuance volumes and primary market pricing as well as issuer characteristics.

    For the secondary market, the index uses trading data available through TRACE and includes measures that reflect both the central tendencies, and other aspects of the distributions, of volume, liquidity, nontraded bonds, spreads, and default-adjusted spreads. Finally, the index also uses quoted prices from ICE BoA to capture the differential secondary market conditions for traded and non-traded bonds. For more see also here.

    NY Fed measures of corporate bond market distress
    Source: FRB of New York, Apollo Chief Economist Note: The CMDI index offers a single measure to quantify joint dislocations in the primary and secondary corporate bond markets. Ranging from 0 to 1, a higher level of CMDI corresponds with historically extreme levels of dislocation. CMDI links bond market functioning to future economic activity.

    See important disclaimers at the bottom of the page.


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